Not all serial data standards define all seven layers. For example, CAN Bus only defines and uses layers one, two, and seven. However, all seven layers are commonly defined for higher speed serial data standards used in internet data transmission or optical data transmission. In this presentation parts of the Protocol and Application layers will be shown referring to the Physical layer. In other words, the analysis will start from the Phy layer in order to fully decode and understand (at the “Application” level) what is happening on the bus, based on a Phy layer analysis, which is very different from a Protocol analyzer approach.