It is important to understand what an embedded controller is. Typically these are 8-bit, 16-bit, or 32-bit microcontrollers. They consist of memory devices and mixed signal devices; anything shown in the gray blocks on this slide are mixed signal devices, meaning they could have analog and digital waveforms present. The green blocks indicate analog devices and the red blocks are digital. The microcontroller will have both analog and digital signals present at the same time. One microcontroller can have multiple serial protocols such as I²C, SPI, UART, CAN bus, LIN bus signals, and more.